Thursday, December 27, 2018

Japan's Falling Population

Japan suffered its biggest population decline on record this year. In 2018 there were 921,000 births, 25,000 fewer than last year and the lowest number since comparable records began in 1899. It is also the third year in a row the number of births has been below one million. There were 1.37m deaths. The natural decline of Japan’s population by 448,000 is the biggest ever.

The current birth rate stands at 1.43, well below the 2.07 required to keep the population stable.


Japan has the highest proportion of older people – or those aged 65 and over – in the world, followed by Italy, Portugal and Germany. The National Institute of Population and Social Security Research in Tokyo estimated that more than 35% of Japanese will be aged 65 or over by 2040.
Japanese people have an impressive life expectancy – 87.2 years for women and 81.01 years for men – which experts attribute to regular medical examinations, universal healthcare coverage and, among older generations, a preference for Japan’s traditional low-fat diet. But the growing population of older people is expected to place unprecedented strain on health and welfare services in the decades to come. Some of those costs will be met by a controversial rise in the consumption (sales) tax, from 8% to 10%, next October. Earlier this year the government said 26.1 million – or just over 20% of the total population of 126.7 million – were aged 70 and over. The number of centenarians, meanwhile, had risen to 69,785 as of September this year, with women making up 88% of the total.


 Parliament has approved an immigration bill that will pave the way for the arrival of hundreds of thousands of blue-collar workers to address the worst labour shortage in decades.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/27/japan-shrinking-as-birthrate-falls-to-lowest-level-in-history

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